新疆地区土地覆被遥感数据的一致性研究     

徐泽源  罗庆辉  许仲林 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(3):427-436

鉴于新疆地区对中国乃至中亚有着特殊的战略意义,本文针对不同数据源及分类系统在土地覆被数据的空间分布上缺乏互通性问题,结合2010年目视解译土地利用现状遥感监测数据、GlobeLand30和GlobCover2009共3种土地覆被数据,采用类型相似分析、类型混淆分析、混淆矩阵分析、空间一致性分析4种方法开展精度评价及一致性分析,以期对土地覆被数据在中国西北干旱区的适用性及适用范围提供有效建议。结果表明,3种土地覆被数据对新疆地区土地覆被类型构成基本一致,且对裸地类型的辨识度最高;新疆地区中高度一致区域占新疆总面积的95%;3种数据两两对比时,总体精度在64.11%~72.57%之间,其中目视解译数据/GlobeLand 30组合表现出最高水平,且仍有提高空间,反映出目前相同卫星传感器是提升精度评价结果的重要因素之一,且不同分类系统、分类方法、空间分辨率及卫星过境时间等因素对精度评价结果也会产生巨大影响。为解决此类问题,利用多源土地覆被遥感数据的融合技术提高数据精度,或是利用深度学习对遥感影像资料进行精确地解译和判读,将是今后全球土地覆被制图及应用领域的主要发展趋势。  相似文献   

Numerical Study on Tidal Mixing in the Bohai Sea     

Yifei Zhao  Ting Yu  Hu Wang 《Marine Geodesy》2019,42(1):46-63

The spatial and temporal variability of tidal mixing in Bohai Sea is studied using a numerical approach. In calculating tidal mixing, accurate barotropic tidal current is obtained via a harmonic analysis package utilizing the simulated current output from a high-resolution regional ocean model. And a “small-scale” roughness map is adopted to describe the detailed topographic features of Bohai Sea. It is shown that the tidal mixing estimated in Bohai Sea is much higher than the level of global background, and fluctuates considerably at some regions within a single day. In Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay and Bohai Strait, the mixing varies greatly, with the peak value of O (10^?2) m² s^?1. The order of magnitude of mixing in Laizhou Bay is about O (10^?5～10^?3) m² s^?1. Mixing with background level of O (10^?5) m² s^?1 only appears in central area. Result also shows that rough topography plays relatively a more important role than tidal current in enhancing diapycnal mixing in Bohai Sea. The distributions of tidal mixing in selected sections reveal that the vertical stratification in Bohai Sea is not obvious, generally renders a barotropic structure.  相似文献   

基于长时间序列遥感数据的阿伯德尔国家公园 生态环境质量评价     

王法溧  何晓宇  方泽兴  魏显虎  叶虎平  施令飞 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(9):1479-1479

阿伯德尔国家公园位于号称肯尼亚“水塔”的阿伯德尔山脉上,是肯尼亚重要的旅游景区和珍稀动植物保护区,开展该地生态环境质量评价对肯尼亚水资源保护与可持续发展具有重要的意义。本研究基于1987-2018年的Landsat系列遥感数据,通过计算综合遥感生态指数RSEI,结合趋势线分析法对阿伯德尔国家公园近32年间生态环境质量变化进行客观定量分析。研究结果显示：① 1987-2018年研究区RSEI均值从0.62下降到0.51,生态环境质量退化的区域面积为551.52 km ²,占总面积的71.85%,表明在气候变化和人类活动影响下,1987-2018年研究区的环境状况呈恶化趋势;②环境质量显著恶化的区域主要分布于亚高山植被区和东部低海拔森林覆盖区,亚高山地区植被生态系统结构单一,稳定性差,对气候变化和人类活动更为敏感;而东部区域存在过度开发,非法砍伐森林等现象,且旅游开发强度大,环境恶化与人类活动密切相关。  相似文献   

Coupled analysis for response and instability of sloping seabed under wave action     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Wave-induced instability of seabed may cause damage to coastal and offshore structures. This issue has been investigated mostly for mildly sloping ($<5^{°}$) seabed considering uncoupled or one-way coupled response of wave and seabed interaction. However, some of the marine structures are founded on seabed with steeper slopes. In this study, the wave-induced response and instability of sloping seabed are evaluated using a coupled finite element model. The interaction between fluid and porous seabed accounting for the effect of fluid motion on the seabed response, and conversely the effect of seabed response on the fluid motion (but not on the surface wave profile) is considered. The results indicate that the system response (fluid pressure, stresses, etc.) and the extent of instantaneously liquefied zone within the sloping seabed with significant steepness are lesser than those for horizontal seabed. Moreover, for typical sediment and wave characteristics, for the flat seabed, the response obtained from fully coupled analysis is not significantly different from those obtained by uncoupled analysis. For the sloping bed, such difference is slightly greater as compared to that for the flat bed.  相似文献   

Uncertainty in marine weather routing     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Weather routing methods are essential for planning routes for commercial shipping and recreational craft. This paper provides a methodology for quantifying the significance of numerical error and performance model uncertainty on the predictions returned from a weather routing algorithm. The numerical error of the routing algorithm is estimated by solving the optimum path over different discretizations of the environment. The uncertainty associated with the performance model is linearly varied in order to quantify its significance. The methodology is applied to a sailing craft routing problem: the prediction of the voyaging time for an ethnographic voyaging canoe across long distance voyages in Polynesia. We find that the average numerical error is an order of magnitude smaller than the performance model uncertainty. These results illustrate the significance of considering the influence of numerical error and performance uncertainty when performing a weather routing study.  相似文献   

Research on the Methods of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation for Active Hydrogen Maserstwo     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(2):292-304

Active hydrogen maser is the main frequency standard for establishing and maintaining the time scale. It has the characteristics of high short-term stability and low phase noise. At present, it plays an increasingly important role in the international atomic time (TAI) and various local time scales. Firstly, in combination with the internal state parameters of an active hydrogen maser, the correlation between the internal state parameters and the comparison data of a hydrogen maser is analyzed, and a method for the performance monitoring of a hydrogen maser is proposed. Secondly, according to the characteristics of hydrogen maser performance, a method for evaluating the performance of a hydrogen maser is given. The hydrogen maser performance includes mainly two aspects, namely the frequency stability and predictability. The performances of two types of active hydrogen masers (CH1-75 and MHM-2010) are evaluated by this method. The correlation analysis of the atomic clock state parameters and comparison data shows that the state parameter monitoring can effectively predict the variation of the hydrogen maser performance. The evaluation results of atomic clock frequency stability and predictability show that the atomic clock with a higher medium-and-long term frequency stability has a better predictability. There are two methods for the predictability evaluation, one is based on the data published by BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Measures), and another one is based on the quadratic model. Both methods are consistent with the weights published by BIPM. Therefore, the two methods can be used as a quantitative method to evaluate the predictability of a hydrogen maser.  相似文献   

基于手机数据的北京市城市与近郊交互模式挖掘     

彭卉  杜云艳  易嘉伟  刘张  王会蒙 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(1):97-106

在城镇化进程中,城市与近郊之间通过职住、货运、游憩等活动产生越来越紧密的交互联系,对于这些交互联系的准确识别和定量刻画,是理解城乡空间关系的重要手段,也能为城市的资源有效配置与合理规划提供重要的现状信息。本文通过对全北京在一日之内的手机信令数据所反映的人群移动轨迹的深入分析,融合城市的POI信息形成顾及人类活动时空信息的空间交互类型推断。以北京市为例,对城市中心与近郊之间远距离的强交互进行定性、定量和定位的探索。本文发现了北京市多尺度下空间交互模式和距离衰减规律,判断了城乡异常交互类型,对比了城乡之间和城市内部的交互模式的异同,以及基于交互类型视角提取了城乡异常交互的空间特征。研究认为,基于手机信令数据,利用停留点提取和高斯核密度估计的空间交互类型推断有效地发现了北京市周末的远距离出行类型特点,提取了其空间交互强度和空间特征,揭示了基于人类活动的北京市周末城乡交互模式。  相似文献   

Isolation, distribution and evaluation of cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of cultivable actinobacteria from the Oman Sea sediments     

Gozari Mohsen  Bahador Nim  Jassbi Amir Rez  Mortazavi Mohammad Seddiq  Hamzehei Sam  Eftekhar Ebrahim 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(12):84-90

Screening bioactive natural products from bacteria is a determinative step in the drug discovery programs. The present study aim to isolate actinobacteria from the Oman Sea sediments for determining the effects of different culture media and treatments on the yield of the isolation process, and measure the DPPH radical scavenging and Artemia cytotoxic activity of culture extracts of the actinobacterial isolates. A total of 290 actinobacterial isolates were collected from 14 sediment samples. Heat treatment(40.68%) and M_4 medium(29.31%) exhibited the maximum isolation rates of actinobacteria. Streptomyces isolates were dominantly distributed in all of the investigated stations according to 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The distribution pattern of Streptomyces followed a depth-dependent frequency trend, whereas the members of rare genera including Micromonospora, Nocardia Actinoplanes, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora and Crossiella were distributed in deeper stations. Approximately,25% of the examined isolates could scavenge 90% of 10~(–4) mol/L DPPH solutions at 1 250 μg/mL final concentration of their ethyl acetate culture extracts. Furthermore, the most potent extracts could scavenge DPPH radicals with IC50 ranges from 356.8 to 566.4 μg/mL. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity tests showed that 38.88% of the examined culture extracts exhibited LC_(50) lower than 1 000 μg/mL against the Artemia cells. Moreover, the most potent culture extracts exhibited LC_(50) range from 335.4 to 534.4 μg/mL. Phylogenetic analysis by 16 S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the OS 005, OS 263 and OS 157 closely related to Streptomyces djakartensis, Streptomyces olivaceus and Nocardiopsis dassonvillei respectively. These results suggested the widespread distribution of the antioxidant and cytotoxic producing actinobacteria in the Oman Sea sediments, which could be considered as promising candidates for the discovery of microbial bioactive compounds.  相似文献   

桂林-阳朔地区DEM地形特征与岩性相关性分析及分类研究     

陈霄燕  潘军  邢立新  蒋立军  孙也涵  仲伟敬  范博文 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(12):1867-1876

地形地貌是岩性解译的重要信息,地形因子作为描述DEM数字曲面几何特征的定量指标参数,可用来定量化表达不同岩性所在地区地形地貌特征。本文以桂林-阳朔地区为研究区,研究地形因子数学、地质意义,建立岩性与地形因子组合间的定量关联,进而实现岩石类型划分。本文基于ASTERGDEM提取坡度、起伏度等12个地形因子,在分析各个地形因子地质意义基础上,通过聚类分析及方差分析的多元统计分析方法,研究各岩性地形因子特性及其关联性,建立研究区岩性之间的定量差异;此外,利用因子分析方法研究岩性分类过程中的主导因素,确定适宜岩性分类方法以实现定量化岩性分类。实验结果表明：不同岩性、不同地形地貌的地形因子（组合）之间具有显著差异,基于因子分析得到的宏观地形复杂度指数（MTI）以及微观曲率指数（MCI）对岩石类型的分类精度达77.36%。研究表明,地形复杂度等地形因子可用于岩性分类,采用因子分析方法可获取反映地形地貌宏观、微观特征的定量指标,且岩性分类效果良好。  相似文献   

顾及地形起伏的无人机影像覆盖分析方法     

张衡  李骁  叶朋飞 《测绘通报》2020,(1):102-106

使用无人机实施测绘航空摄影时，由于无人机相对航高较低，地面起伏会对无人机影像的分辨率、覆盖范围、重叠度造成较大的影响，影像成果会出现分辨率不足、重叠度不够、覆盖漏洞等缺陷。针对这一情况，本文提出了一种利用数字微分正解法的计算方法，借助DEM准确计算每张影像的覆盖范围，并使用FME软件高效生成全部影像的覆盖范围。经过实际使用，验证了该方法可以在航线设计阶段准确预测并分析全部影像的覆盖范围、重叠度，因此可及时发现设计问题并调整航线。该方法可以有效减少因地形起伏造成的影像覆盖缺陷，减少返工现象，从整体上提高了作业效率。  相似文献